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Technical scenario: refurbishing a motorway and major-artery lighting installation

Full methodological path for refurbishing an existing motorway and major-artery lighting installation: analysis, design, verification.

Studio illuminotecnico con planimetria, ottiche e simulazione della luce
Studio illuminotecnico con planimetria, ottiche e simulazione della luce. Immagine illustrativa generata con AI.

Overview

This technical scenario reconstructs, with no reference to a specific client, the path of a typical motorway and major-artery lighting refurbishment. It is a methodological tool: it describes recurring decisions and their impact, not results measured on a real installation. On motorways and main extra-urban roads, lighting is concentrated on interchanges, service areas and high-risk sections, where visual continuity is a safety requirement.

Applicable standards

The regulatory reference for motorway and major-artery lighting is not a single document but a coordinated set of standards covering performance, safety and environmental impact. In design practice the following documents drive the main choices.

  • EN 13201-2 — M classes for fast motorised traffic.
  • CIE 140 — road lighting calculation methods.
  • UNI 11248 — class selection and adaptive downgrading.

Typical starting situation

The starting installation typically features heterogeneous luminaires installed at different times, incomplete documentation and reactive maintenance. The first step is not technical but informational: rebuilding the luminaire inventory, the condition of supports and the electrical configuration. Without this basis, any savings estimate remains indicative.

The decisions that shape the project

Three choices determine the outcome: whether to keep or revise the light-point geometry, which performance level to target, and whether to introduce a control system. Each has knock-on effects on cost, schedule and future maintenance complexity, and should be decided explicitly rather than by inertia.

In many cases the existing geometry meets requirements, but not on every section: analysis by homogeneous sections allows structural works to be concentrated where they are genuinely needed, instead of applying a uniform solution across the whole perimeter.

How the result is verified

The result is verified on two levels: lighting compliance, measured with the method prescribed by the applicable standard, and operational performance, assessed on consumption and maintenance interventions after a meaningful operating period. The second level requires that the baseline was documented before the works.

Recurring critical points

The difficulties that most often emerge in motorway and major-artery lighting projects are not about product selection, but about defining requirements and verifying results.

  • Avoiding abrupt transition zones between lit and unlit sections.
  • Keeping maintenance feasible with minimal lane closures.
  • Withstanding vibration, de-icing salt and wind loads on high masts.

Design approach

An orderly method drastically reduces variations during works and disputes at commissioning. Three choices make the difference from the earliest stages.

  • Transition zones designed with a controlled luminance gradient.
  • Luminaires with fast access to the gear tray and replaceable components.
  • Remote management for diagnostics and fewer field interventions.

Parameters to verify

  • M class — EN 13201-2 — assigned by design speed and complexity
  • Surround ratio SR — EN 13201-2 — lighting of the lateral strips
  • Maintainability — specification — access without removing the optic
  • Mechanical resistance — EN 60598 — vibration and pole loads

Most frequent mistakes

Non-conformities found at commissioning almost always come from three causes: requirements not declared or declared without a reference standard, calculation run on idealised geometry, and an optimistic maintenance factor. All three can be avoided at zero cost during design.

  • Complete asset survey before any cost estimate
  • Analysis by homogeneous sections rather than the whole perimeter
  • Declared, verifiable performance target
  • Energy baseline documented before the works
  • Maintenance plan updated after refurbishment
  • As-built documentation delivered and archived

Key takeaways

A motorway and major-artery lighting project holds up over time when requirements are declared, the calculation reproduces real conditions and on-site verification follows an agreed protocol. Component selection matters, but comes later: without measurable requirements even the best product delivers a result that cannot be demonstrated. Centro Studi Lumeitalia makes its technical office available to review requirements and design checks.

Methodological note: This content is written for technical information purposes by Centro Studi Lumeitalia and does not replace the lighting design or a full reading of the standards cited. Applicable performance values are those of the standards in force at design time.

Domande frequenti

Why are motorways not lit end to end?+

Because continuous lighting is not always the most effective safety measure: standards and design practice concentrate it on interchanges, conflict areas, tunnels and sections with documented accident rates.

How is the transition between lit and dark sections handled?+

With a transition zone of decreasing luminance, allowing the driver's visual adaptation and avoiding the black-hole effect.

Where should a motorway and major-artery lighting project start?+

From a written definition of performance requirements and verification conditions: this step drives every later choice and makes the result either disputable or defensible at commissioning.

Which documents should be requested from the supplier?+

Photometric files of the proposed luminaires, declaration of conformity, lifetime data declared per IES LM-80 with its conditions, the maintenance schedule and warranty terms.